Fig. 1

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation profiles of non-small cell lung cancer patients. A Principal component (PC) analysis of 101 pre-afatinib cfDNA samples (black circles) and 84 post-afatinib cfDNA samples (blue triangles) from among 103 patients using the DNA methylation levels of all of the 815,746 probe CpG sites. The pre-afatinib samples are scattered over a wide area on the scatterplot, whereas the post-afatinib samples appear clustered in a smaller area, suggesting that the cfDNA methylation profile tended to be altered by afatinib treatment. B Hierarchical clustering (Manhattan distances, Ward’s method) in the 101 patients from whom pre-afatinib blood samples were obtained. Patients who survived and who died are shown in blue and red, respectively, at the bottom of the dendrogram. Fatal cases are accumulated in Clusters I and IIA (n = 43; 62.8%) relative to Cluster IIB (n = 58; 24.1%) (P = 1.85 × 10–4, Fisher's exact test)