Fig. 2

Scatterplot depicting the association between DNA-methylation measures of aging, cross-sectional physiology, and cognition computed in blood and saliva from the same individuals. Each plot shows the methylation profile score (MPS) in blood on the x-axis and the corresponding MPS in saliva on the y-axis. From top left to bottom right, MPSs are Horvath Acceleration, Horvath Skin and Blood Acceleration, Hannum Acceleration, PCGrimAge Acceleration, PCPhenoAge Acceleration, DunedinPACE, DNAm-CRP (a marker of chronic inflammation), DNAm-BMI (body mass index), and Epigenetic-g (cognitive performance). The color denotes the three different cohorts: dataset1 (GSE111165, n = 21), dataset2 (GSE130153, n = 22), and dataset3 (GSE61653, n = 64). Each plot includes a regression line with shaded confidence intervals, indicating the strength and reliability of the associations. “Accel.” denotes first- and second-generation methylation measures of aging residualized for chronological age to derive biological age acceleration metrics