Table 2 Epigenetic drugs in phases of clinical trials

HDACIs

Vorinostat

Phase I

Once-daily MTD vorinostat 600 did not significantly alter the PK of vorinostat

nausea, anaemia, fatigue, diarrhoea, weight loss, and elevated creatinine

[202]

Panobinostat

phases I–II

Co-administration of panobinostat with CYP3A inhibitors is feasible

Diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, hypophosphatemia, myalgia, fatigue, and anorexia

[203]

Carbamazepine

phase II

Administration of carbamazepine did not reduce oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy

Nausea, dizziness, memory disorders, problems, headaches, vision problems

[204]

Resveratrol

Phase I

It is worth investigating further clinical studies to replace non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and selective COX inhibitors

No side effects

[205]

Bevacizumab

Phase I

Stability (more than 3 months) was seen in four patients

Grade 3 fatigue, grade 3 myalgia, and elevated ALT

[206]

Romidepsin

Phase II

Administration of 13 mg/m² on days 1, 8 and 15 in cycle 28 days was not successful

Thrombocytopenia,

changes in ECG, fatigue, weight loss, nausea, vomiting,

anorexia, fever, and weakness

[207]

Entinostat

Phase I

Half-life of 39 to 80 h. MTD was 10 mg/m²

Anorexia, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting

[208]

Epsipeptide

Phase II

Epsipeptide 13 mg/m² administration is ineffective in CRC patients with previous chemotherapy

Thrombocytopenia, electrocardiographic, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, weakness, anorexia, fever, and weight loss

[209]

DNMTi

5-Azacitidine

phase II

An increase in the regulation of AZA immune gene set

–

[210]