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Fig. 1 | Clinical Epigenetics

Fig. 1

From: The role of the gut microbiota in the onset and progression of heart failure: insights into epigenetic mechanisms and aging

Fig. 1

Epigenetic modifications mediate the gut-heart axis in Heart Failure. Hemodynamic changes in HF may lead to reduced intestinal perfusion, contributing to intestinal barrier dysfunction (leaky gut) and dysbiosis. These, in turn, result in altered gut microbial metabolite production and release in the bloodstream. Decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and increased levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and secondary Bile Acids (BAs), contribute to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular complications. Epigenetic changes can act as key modulators in this relationship, as these GM-derived metabolites can influence gene expression through DNA methylation and histone modifications in cardiac cells. The aging process can influence GM dysbiosis and epigenetic changes

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Clinical Epigenetics

ISSN: 1868-7083

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