Fig. 5

GSK3β alleviates IDD by inhibiting HDAC4 expression. a Changes in the disc height index (DHI). b Apoptosis determined by TUNEL assay (200×). c GSK3β, HDAC4, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression determined by Western blotting. d Mechanical pain threshold. e Thermal sensitivity threshold; *p < 0.05 versus control; #p < 0.05 versus oe-NC + oe-NC; &p < 0.05 versus oe-GSK3β + oe-NC. n = 9 for animal experiments; cell experiments were performed in triplicate